ES EN
logo
Vol. 23. Núm. 1. - 2013. Páginas 71-77

¿Por qué no reincide la mayoría de los agresores sexuales?

[Why do the majority of sex offenders not recidivate?]

Óscar Herrero1
1Centro Penitenciario de Cáceres, España


https://doi.org/10.5093/aj2013a11

Resumen

La evidencia meta-analítica indica que las tasas de reincidencia sexual oscilan entre el 15 y el 20% tras periodos de seguimiento que llegan hasta los veinte años. Se pueden establecer distintos perfiles de agresores sexuales en base a su reincidencia: los agresores especializados no reincidentes, los agresores reincidentes no especializados y los agresores sexuales especializados reincidentes. El grupo de los agresores especializados no reincidentes es el que suscita más preguntas. Este trabajo aborda qué factores psicológicos caracterizan a cada uno de estos perfiles y una posible explicación para las bajas tasas de reincidencia. Se discuten algunas implicaciones prácticas relevantes.

Abstract

Meta-analytic evidence suggests that sexual recidivism rates range between 15% and 20% after follow-up periods of up to twenty years. Sex offender profiles can be differentiated according to their recidivism risk: specialized non-recidivists, versatile recidivists and specialized recidivists. The specialized non-recidivist offender group is the one raising more unanswered questions. This paper summarizes the factors that define the psychological profile of each group and a tentative explanation for the low recidivism rates. Some practical implications are discussed.

Referencias
Abracen, 2008
J. Abracen
Treatment of sexual offenders with psychopathic traits: Recent research developments and clinical implications
Trauma, Violence and Abuse
9
3
2008
144-66
APA, 2000
APA
Manual Diagnóstico Estadístico de los trastornos mentales
2000
Botella and Gambara, 2002
J. Botella
H. Gambara
Qué es el meta-análisis
2002
Cantor et al., 2005
J.M. Cantor
R. Blanchard
L.K. Robichaud
B.K. Christensen
Quantitative reanalysis of aggregate data on IQ in sexual offenders
Psychological Bulletin
131
2005
555-68
Cortoni et al., 2010
F. Cortoni
R.K. Hanson
M.E. Coache
The recidivism rates of female offenders are low: A meta-analysis
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment
22
2010
387-401
Craig et al., 2009
L.A. Craig
A.R. Beech
L. Harkins
The predictive accuracy of risk factors and frameworks
Assessment and Treatment of Sex Offenders: A handbook
John Wiley
Chichester
2009
Göbbels et al., 2012
S. Göbbels
T. Ward
G.M. Willis
An integrative theory of desistance from sex offending
Aggression and Violent Behavior
17
2012
453-62
Graña et al., 2009
J.L. Graña
J.M. Andreu
T. Silva
Evaluación del riesgo de reincidencia delictiva en España
2009
Hanson and Bussière, 1998
K.R. Hanson
M.T. Bussière
Predicting relapse: A meta-analysis of sexual offender recidivism studies
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
66
1998
348-62
Hanson et al., 2002
R.K. Hanson
A. Gordon
A.J.R. Harris
J.K. Marques
W.D. Murphy
V.L. Quinsey
M.C. Seto
First report of the collaborative Outcome Data Project on the Effectiveness of Psychological Treatment of Sex Offenders
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment
14
2002
169-95
Hanson and Morton-Bourgon, 2005
K.R. Hanson
K.E. Morton-Bourgon
The characteristics of persistent sexual offenders: A meta-analysis of recidivism studies
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
73
2005
1154-63
Hanson and Morton-Bourgon, 2009
K.R. Hanson
K.E. Morton-Bourgon
The accuracy of recidivism risk assessments for sexual offenders: A meta-analysis of 118 prediction studies
Psychological Assessment
21
1
2009
1-21
Hare, 2010
R.D. Hare
PCL-R: Manual
2010
Harris et al., 2011
D.A. Harris
R.A. Knight
S. Smallbone
S. Dennison
Post release specialization and versality in sexual offenders referred for civil commitment
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment
23
2011
243-59
Heaton et al., in press
Heaton, K.M., Murphy G.H. (en prensa). Men with intelectual disabilities who have attended sex offender treatment groups: A follow up. Journal of AppliedResearch in IntellectualDisabilities .
Helmus et al., 2013
L. Helmus
K.R. Hanson
K.M. Babchishin
R.E. Mann
Attitudes supportive of sexual offending predict recidivism: A meta-analysis
Trauma, Violence & Abuse
14
1
2013
34-53
Kalmus and Beech, 2005
E. Kalmus
A.R. Beech
Forensic assessment of sexual interest: A review
Aggression and Violent Behavior
10
2005
193-217
Kingston et al., 2010
D.A. Kingston
M.C. Seto
P. Firestone
J.M. Bradford
Comparing indicators of sexual sadism as predictors of recidivism among adult male sexual offenders
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
78
2010
574-84
Knight and Guay, 2006
R.A.Y. Knight
J.P. Guay
The Role of Psychopathy in Sexual Coercion against Women
Handbook of Psychopathy
Guilford Press
New York
2006
512-32
Kruttschnitt et al., 2000
C. Kruttschnitt
C. Uggen
K. Shelton
Predictors of desistance among sex offenders: The interaction of formal and informal social controls
Justice Quarterly
17
2000
61-87
Lalumière et al., 2005
M.L. Lalumière
G.T. Harris
V.L. Quinsey
M. Rice
The causes of rape: Understanding individual differences in male propensity for sexual aggression
2005
Laws and Ward, 2011
D.R. Laws
T. Ward
Desistance from sexual offending: Alternatives to throwing away the keys
2011
Levenson et al., 2007
J.S. Levenson
M.S. D’Amora
A.L. Hern
Megan’ Law and its impact on community re-entry for sex offenders
Behavioral Sciences and The Law
25
2007
587-602
McCann and Lussier, 2008
K. McCann
P. Lussier
Antisociality, sexual deviance and sexual reoffending in juvenile sex offenders: A meta-analytical investigation
Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice
6
2008
363-85
Miller et al., 1996
T.R. Miller
M.A. Cohen
B. Wiersema
Victim cost and consequences: A new look
1996
Moulden et al., 2009
H.M. Moulden
P. Firestone
D. Kingston
Bradford
Recidivism in pedophiles: an investigation using different diagnostic methods
The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology
20
2009
680-701
Olver et al., 2011
M.E. Olver
K.C. Stockdale
S.J. Wormith
A meta-analysis of predictors of offender treatment attrition and its relationship to recidivism
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
79
1
2011
6-21
Olver and Wong, 2009
M.E. Olver
S. Wong
Therapeutic responses of psychopathic sexual offenders: Treatment attrition, therapeutic change, and long-term recidivism
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
2
2009
328-36
Porter et al., 2009
S. Porter
L. ten Brinke
K. Wilson
Crime profiles and conditional reléase performance of psychopathic and non-psychopathic sexual offenders
Legal and Criminological Psychology
14
2009
109-18
Rivera et al., 2006
G. Rivera
M.C. Romero
M. Labrador
J. Serrano
El control de la agresión sexual: Programa de intervención en el medio penitenciario
2006
Roche et al., 2011
M.J. Roche
N.E. Shoss
A.L. Pincus
K.S. Ménard
Psychopathy moderates the relationship between time in treatment and levels of empathy in incarcerated male sexual offenders
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment
23
2
2011
171-92
Schmidt et al., in press
Schmidt, A.F., Mokros, A., Banse, R. (in press). Is pedophilic sexual preference continous? A taxometric analysis based on direct and indirect measures. Psychological Assessment.
Seto, 2008
M.C. Seto
Paedophilia and sexual offending against children: Theory, assessment, and intervention
2008
Tharp et al., 2012
A.T. Tharp
S. DeGue
L.A. Valle
K.A. Brookmeyer
G.M. Massetti
J.L. Matjaso
A systematic qualitative review of risk and protective factors for sexual violence perpetration
Trauma, Violence and Abuse
00
0
2012
1-35
Ward et al., 2006
T. Ward
R. Mann
T. Gannon
The good lives model of offender rehabilitation: Clinical implications
Aggression and Violent Behavior
12
1
2006
87-107
Ward et al., 2005
T. Ward
D.L.L. Polaschek
A.R. Beech
Theories of sexual offending
2005
Wijkman et al., 2010
M. Wijkman
C. Bijleveld
J. Hendriks
Women don’t do such things! Characteristcs of female sex offenders
Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment
22
2
2010
135-56
Wijkman et al., 2011
M. Wijkman
C. Bijlevel
J. Hendriks
Female sex offenders: Specialist, generalist and once-only offenders
Journal of Sexual Aggression
17
1
2011
34-45

Copyright © 2024. Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Madrid

© Copyright 2024. Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Madrid ContactoPolítica de privacidadPolítica de cookies

Utilizamos cookies propias y de terceros para mejorar nuestros servicios y conocer sus preferencias mediante el análisis de sus hábitos de navegación. Si continua navegando, consideramos que acepta su uso. Puede acceder a política de cookies para obtener más información.

Aceptar